Date & Time
1.3K monthly searches
Beginner
3 min read

MONTH Formula in Excel - Extract Month Number from Dates

Extract numerical values (1-12) from date fields to group data by calendar period....

Quick Start

Syntax

=MONTH(serial_number)

Parameters

serial_number - Required. The date from which you want to extract the month. Can be a date value, cell reference, or text date that Excel recognizes.

Simplest Example

AB
1DateMonth Number
22025-01-15
32024-12-31
4Formula:
=MONTH(A2)
1

Quick Reference

Basic Month Extraction
=MONTH(A1)

Extract month from date in A1

=MONTH("2025-03-15") → 3

Current Month Number
=MONTH(TODAY())

Get current month number

=MONTH(TODAY()) → 1 (if January)

Quarter from Month
="Q"&ROUNDUP(MONTH(A1)/3,0)

Convert date to quarter

=MONTH("2025-05-10") → Q2

Filter Current Month
=IF(MONTH(A1)=MONTH(TODAY()),"Current","")

Flag current month records

=IF(MONTH(date)=1) → "Current"

Real-World Examples

Monthly Sales Report Grouping

Group transaction dates by month number for monthly sales analysis and revenue tracking. MONTH extracts month numbers from transaction timestamps, enabling pivot tables to aggregate sales by month, compare year-over-year monthly performance, identify seasonal sales patterns, and create month-based commission calculations for sales teams. This pattern is fundamental for retail analytics, e-commerce dashboards, and financial consolidation reports where monthly grouping is required.

ABC
1DateAmountMonth
22025-01-101200
32025-02-151500
4Formula:
=MONTH(A2)
1
Pro Tip: Combine MONTH with YEAR for unique year-month grouping: =YEAR(A1)&"-"&TEXT(MONTH(A1),"00")
Pattern: Use MONTH(date) in pivot table grouping or SUMIFS criteria
Fiscal Quarter Assignment

Convert calendar dates to fiscal quarters using MONTH combined with mathematical operations. This function provides the month number which can be divided by 3 and rounded up to assign quarters (Q1-Q4). Essential for financial planning and analysis teams, accounting departments creating quarterly P&L statements, and business intelligence reports that align with fiscal year calendars. This pattern handles both calendar year and fiscal year quarter calculations efficiently.

ABC
1TransactionDateQuarter
2Order #12342025-01-20
3Order #12352025-05-10
4Formula:
="Q"&ROUNDUP(MONTH(B2)/3,0)
Q1
Pattern: Fiscal quarter = ROUNDUP(MONTH(date)/3,0) for Q1-Q4 assignment

Common Mistakes to Avoid

=MONTH("January")Passing month name instead of date

❌ The Problem:

  • Returns #VALUE! error - MONTH expects a date value
  • Month names are not recognized as valid dates
  • Must use actual date values or DATE function

✅ Solution:

=MONTH(DATE(2025,1,15))

Use DATE function to create valid date from year, month, and day components, or reference cells containing actual date values. MONTH requires a proper date serial number, not text month names.

=MONTH(A1) where A1 contains text "2025-01"Using incomplete date formats

❌ The Problem:

  • Excel may not recognize partial dates without day
  • Inconsistent results across different Excel versions
  • Returns #VALUE! error if text is not converted

✅ Solution:

=MONTH(A1&"-01")

Append "-01" to create a complete date before extracting month, or ensure cells contain full date values. The formula works best with complete date serial numbers.

=MONTH(45678)Confusing month number with date serial

❌ The Problem:

  • Returns month from serial number (not what you want)
  • 45678 = 2025-01-20, MONTH returns 1
  • Excel stores dates as numbers internally

✅ Solution:

=MONTH(DATE(2025,1,20))

Use DATE function to be explicit about the date you want, or format cells as dates to avoid confusion. Excel MONTH function interprets numbers as date serial numbers, where 1 = January 1, 1900.

Frequently Asked Questions

Other Date & Time Functions

Related Formulas

Master these MONTH Function variants:

Master Excel MONTH Function

From basics to advanced - AI generates perfect formulas instantly.